Coffee Knowledge
Coffee Tasting Guide
Tasting coffee properly transforms it from a habit into an experience. Here's how to evaluate what's in your cup like a professional.
The Five Elements of Coffee Tasting
1. Aroma
Smell the coffee before you drink it — both the dry grounds and the brewed cup. Aroma accounts for the majority of what we perceive as flavour. Common descriptors include floral, fruity, nutty, chocolatey, spicy, and earthy. A good coffee should smell inviting and complex.
2. Acidity
Acidity in coffee isn't sourness — it's brightness. It's the lively, crisp quality that makes a coffee feel alive on the palate. Think of the difference between a flat lemonade and a fresh one. High-grown washed coffees (Ethiopian, Kenyan, Colombian) tend to have pronounced acidity. Brazilian and Sumatran coffees are typically lower acid.
Descriptors: bright, citrusy, wine-like, crisp, lively.
3. Body
Body is the weight and texture of the coffee in your mouth — how it feels, not how it tastes. A full-bodied coffee feels rich and coating, like whole milk. A light-bodied coffee feels clean and thin, like water. Neither is better — it depends on preference and the drink being made.
Descriptors: full, heavy, syrupy, medium, light, thin, watery.
4. Flavour
This is the overall taste experience — the combination of aroma, acidity, and body. The Specialty Coffee Association uses a flavour wheel with over 100 descriptors. Common categories include:
- Fruity — Berry, citrus, stone fruit, tropical
- Sweet — Caramel, chocolate, honey, vanilla
- Nutty / Spicy — Almond, hazelnut, clove, pepper
- Floral — Jasmine, rose, lavender
- Earthy — Tobacco, leather, wood (often in darker roasts)
5. Finish (Aftertaste)
The finish is what lingers after you swallow. A great coffee has a long, pleasant finish — often sweet or chocolatey. A poor coffee has a short, harsh, or bitter finish. The finish is often the clearest indicator of coffee quality.
How to Taste: The Process
- Smell the dry grounds — note the aroma
- Brew and smell the cup immediately
- Sip and slurp slightly to aerate the coffee across your palate
- Note the acidity, body, and flavour
- Swallow and note the finish
- Taste again as it cools — flavours change significantly at different temperatures
Origin Flavour Profiles at a Glance
- Ethiopia — Floral, berry, citrus, wine-like. Complex and bright.
- Colombia — Caramel, red apple, hazelnut. Balanced and approachable.
- Brazil — Chocolate, nuts, low acidity. Full body. Great for espresso blends.
- Kenya — Blackcurrant, tomato, bright acidity. Bold and distinctive.
- Guatemala — Dark chocolate, spice, brown sugar. Rich and complex.
- Sumatra — Earthy, herbal, full body, low acidity. Distinctive and divisive.
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